LGBTQ+

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LGBTQ+ refers to individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, and others whose sexual orientation, gender identity, or expression fall outside heterosexual and cisgender norms. The term has evolved over time to be more inclusive of diverse sexual and gender identities. LGBTQ+ rights have been a focal point of social and legal activism, particularly in the United States, where the movement seeks to achieve equal rights and protections under the law.

The fight for LGBTQ+ rights in the U.S. dates back to the early 20th century but gained significant momentum with the Stonewall Riots of 1969 in New York City, a watershed moment in LGBTQ+ history. These protests followed a police raid at the Stonewall Inn, a gay bar, and sparked a broader movement advocating for the rights and visibility of LGBTQ+ individuals. Pride parades, which are now held annually in many cities worldwide, began in response to the Stonewall events and serve as both celebrations of identity and demonstrations for equality.

Legally, the LGBTQ+ community has achieved several major victories in the U.S., including the Supreme Court's ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges (2015), which legalized same-sex marriage nationwide. Earlier, in Lawrence v. Texas (2003), the Court struck down laws criminalizing same-sex sexual activity. However, challenges remain, particularly for transgender individuals who face barriers in areas such as healthcare, employment, and legal recognition of their gender identity.

Anti-discrimination laws protecting LGBTQ+ individuals vary across states, with some offering comprehensive protections and others lacking specific provisions. Federal legislation, such as the Equality Act, has been proposed to provide nationwide protections against discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity, but it has not yet been passed into law.

LGBTQ+ advocacy organizations, such as the Human Rights Campaign (HRC) and the Trevor Project, play key roles in supporting the community and advancing rights. These groups focus on issues ranging from suicide prevention among LGBTQ+ youth to workplace discrimination and transgender rights.