Elon Musk is an entrepreneur and engineer known for founding and leading several major technology companies. Born on June 28, 1971, in Pretoria, South Africa, Musk moved to the United States to attend the University of Pennsylvania, where he earned degrees in economics and physics. After briefly enrolling in a Ph.D. program at Stanford University, Musk left to pursue a career in business and technology.
In 1996, Musk co-founded his first company, Zip2, a software firm that provided city guide services to newspapers. The company was sold to Compaq in 1999 for nearly $300 million. Musk then founded X.com, an online payment company, which later became PayPal after a merger. In 2002, PayPal was acquired by eBay for $1.5 billion.
Musk founded SpaceX (Space Exploration Technologies Corp.) in 2002, with the aim of making space exploration more affordable and eventually facilitating human settlement on Mars. SpaceX has developed successful spacecraft like the Falcon 1, Falcon 9, and Dragon, achieving significant milestones, including the first privately developed spacecraft to reach orbit and the first commercial spacecraft to dock with the International Space Station. In 2020, SpaceX became the first private company to send astronauts into space.
In 2004, Musk joined Tesla, Inc., an electric vehicle company, and became its CEO and product architect. Under his leadership, Tesla developed electric cars such as the Model S, Model 3, Model X, and Model Y, along with energy storage solutions like Powerwall and renewable energy products like Solar Roof. Tesla has played a major role in advancing electric vehicle adoption and renewable energy technology globally.
Musk is also the founder of The Boring Company, which develops tunnel infrastructure for transportation solutions, and Neuralink, a company focused on creating brain-machine interface technologies. Additionally, he co-founded OpenAI, an organization focused on developing artificial intelligence.
In 2022, Musk acquired Twitter, a social media platform, for $44 billion, initiating various changes in its operations and services. As of 2024, Musk continues to lead SpaceX, Tesla, and other ventures, contributing to advancements in space travel, electric vehicles, transportation, and emerging technologies.